Drinking water on board - part 1 Watermakers for boats

Watermakers like work?

Desalination plants using reverse osmosis of wastewater. This is the reverse osmosis systems implementation. Wiki description and definition of reverse osmosis and reverse osmosis (RO) is a separation process, the pressure to force the solvent through the membrane that retains the solute on one side and allows the pure solvent pass is used . The membrane is designed so that water can not pass this dense layer prevents the passageDissolved substances (such as salt ions). This process of a high concentration of the membrane, usually 2-17 bar 30-250 PSI, fresh and salt water, and 40 to 70 psi 600 bar and 1000, water from the sea, more than 24 bar 350 psi pressure natural osmotic pressure which must be overcome.

Portable PA Systems

Types of water-producing

Drinking water on board - part 1 Watermakers for boats

Modular, independent or portable boating. Very small boats, kayaks, or even laptopThe units of the street. Most ships are modular systems, but the best. Modular assembly of parts and do not need a big space, but a very small room a few. Most manufacturers make their own organization, and the house is part of the treatment of water between the hull and water tanks. These parameters are easy to use, but requires a lot of space.

Components of a modular type

A typical installationincludes the supply of sea water, pre-filtration to remove weeds and large contaminants, a water pump at low pressure in the press through a sieve to remove particles of 5 microns, to provide a membrane High pressure RO pump. Fresh water in the membrane, then into the water tank. Each liter of water produces about 10 liters to pass through the membrane, the other goes to sea salt form. Tube at leastespecially in systems with low energy consumption.

It is important that a good flow of water in the hull of the channel for both types of knives at the lowest possible to the hull is in search of sea water is achieved by a through-hull. The contribution is not near the head or gray water drains. Pre-filtering may filter water, remove deposits from businesses to display a typical medium and large businesses, sea water only. The sieveshould be reviewed, he should be made available. Not near electrical appliances, such as clean water to disrupt the game Feeding the low-pressure pump, make sure the high pressure pump is always a sufficient quantity of water supplied. It should also be placed under the boat. Particles, filtering the raw water source must be removed from the dust can damage the high pressure pump. Most systems usetwo filters, which are equipped with finer filter elements. 30 micron and 5 micron feature. The performance of reverse osmosis membrane can be filtered, because of oil, many systems, an oil separated. High pressure pump should include this in the pressure of 800 psi pump to push water in the membranes. The pump does not require much energy to produce about 800 psi more. Two types of pumps used Sailing RO systems: electric piston pump similar to those panels, but hydraulic pumps and booster marinised, water to supplement the low water pressure and get the relatively PSI operational need for a successful 800th RO Membrane, the most important element of the reverse osmosis system, a separation by semi-permeable membrane of salt, small pores, something other than water. The membranes used in seawater RO> Systems TFC membrane layer is usually (Thin Film Composite), consisting of three spiral-wound polyamide PA side. After the membrane, the product water, the water storage is reduced, the product of the salt that is discharged into the sea brine discharge should be above the water line to control the discharge.
Power

The pumping capacity of the battery, generator, pump or motor is available.Large capacity desalination plants usually need a power source. Low capacity and reduce energy costs may Watermakers or AC pumps DC motor driven.

AC: The most energy in a reverse osmosis system uses about is high-pressure pump motor is used in the. Usually powered by high capacity, 120 AC - motors and generators require the transport of 220 volts or less than 3-4 kW (the organization manages the start). Often, boat, orrelatively small desalination plant is capable of the desired amount of water. If the reader is only occasionally work for a plant capacity of large desalination necessary. DC power systems, low energy consumption is 12 caused by low - or 24-volt DC motors, boats makes them suitable for the typical cruise. The choice of optimum system requires consideration of the capacity of the vessel and the number of hours per day, the system worked, thatThe amount of water desired. Running a DC watermaker, while the batteries are charged to support the processing plant. Be sure to research DC DC watermaker that the system can handle the load on the boat. The battery capacity must be increased
Size Matters

How much water is needed, but the size of water maker do you need? Calculate how much water should be estimated for the daily use per person per day. Previous estimates of the residence permitat least 1 / 2 1 gallon per person per day. This sentence contains no showers, meals and other extras. Today, most modern equipment for 2 1 / 2 to 3 liters per person per day. Calculate how much you want to run the water maker. You do not run all day, but you want to run the generator when the engine and run the battery charge. So maybe 2-3 hours per day is reasonable. container size is a problem. That does not make good when the water tank, 400 litersnot big enough. Watermakers usually assessed at 70 ° F. Time cooler water causes less water to finance.

Maintenance

The membrane should be washed regularly and salt particles that have been on the supply side of the membrane imposed during the RO to remove built.

Membrane; Watermakers often run several hours a day. The implementation of the desalination plant, as well as automatic backup of rinsing, which makes the mineral saltetc. on the surface of the membrane, the membrane keeps it clean and in good condition. The membrane can not clean a week during the bacterial infection. If you are not a plant wastewater treatment in the red week, or storage mode, the system is marinade. They should not be kept dry. membrane cleaning, irrigation systems require smaller units from other auto installed manual cleaning. In some systems, a separate tankIrrigation water. Hand washing of the membrane must change the valves on both sides of the membrane, the inlet and exhaust sides, then move again on the power of water. Many large systems automatically delete the user. This saves time and money. The rinse water should be free of chlorine and carbon water filter is recommended between the tank and wash the membrane. Chlorine can react with a little cleaningChemicals. Storage membrane stripping, the membranes must be permanently immersed in sea water or other liquid before treatment, fresh water is stored or sterilization, where the water biocides in long term Maker-specific contamination, which are mixed with water and pumping the product of the system, the membrane is used saturated. Use biocides recommended. Temperature,They should not be exposed to temperatures below zero. expansion under pressure due to the rupture of the membranes and to prevent freezing, remove the salt and filtered. The membranes can prevent temperatures exceeding 60 ° C because of the high temperature and the distance to be exposed to salt. desalination plants for sea water is not recommended for mud or dirty water, such as pre-filter is clogged and can cause the mucous membranes. If you useDesalination plant can operate in these waters are a very short period of time, the sea water so pure and clean, the membrane system to maintain pressure to open for 30 minutes without pressure. Some of the results, many of replacement filters. Filters last 6 months from first use. The components are pumps, etc., particularly lead, when you went from the earth, or a good deal. Filter, filter, check the seaand two filters.

Conclusion

Now, fresh water, not the person who thinks not. The membrane is water in the tank, but there may be contamination of the tanks and pipes. Read the second part of the series, as fresh water in order to understand how the fresh water tank and water in water to obtain prior to use.

Drinking water on board - part 1 Watermakers for boats

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